Fred Scharmen teaches architecture and urban design at Morgan State University’s School of Architecture and Planning. He is the cofounder of the Working Group on Adaptive Systems, an art and design consultancy based in Baltimore, Maryland. His first book, Space Settlements, was published in 2019.

11.27.2021

• Fred Scharmen

Alexander Bogdanov’s Secret History of Martian Socialism

Long before writers like Kim Stanley Robinson used science fiction to explore socialist ideas, the Russian Marxist Alexander Bogdanov published a remarkable novel about the Martian road to socialism. Red Star is finally getting the attention it deserves.