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1 Article by: Lisa A. Kirschenbaum

Lisa A. Kirschenbaum is professor of history at West Chester University. She writes and teaches about modern Russia and the Soviet Union, war and memory, international communism, and gender in modern Europe.

La Pasionaria, Spanish Anti-Fascism’s Greatest Orator, Remained Defiant in Exile

During Spain’s Civil War, Dolores Ibárruri was famed worldwide as La Pasionaria, the brilliant orator who stirred anti-fascists’ souls. Fleeing to Moscow in 1939, she soon became the exiled Communists’ leader — both political guide for a defeated party and a “Spanish mother” confronting the expectations of her male comrades.