Grace Lee Boggs died earlier this month at the age of one hundred. Her life was a monument to some of the most powerful social movements of the twentieth century. Over the course of her life, Boggs was a leader in the socialist, Civil Rights, Black Power, feminist, and environmental movements.

Boggs was no stranger to debate, conflict, or controversy, and her viewpoints were polarizing, even on the Left. Throughout her long political career, she was often at the center of political struggles that redefined the contours of parties and social movements.

Those same debates often led Boggs to new insights and conclusions. But while her ideas and perspectives developed and changed significantly over the course of her life, Boggs was consistently informed by an irrepressible belief that people need not accept “all the old shit,” to borrow young Marx’s expression.