Justice Samuel Alito has a financial stake in a pending Supreme Court case that could have far-reaching implications on whether states can hold federal contractors accountable for environmental damage and other corporate malfeasance within their borders.

The case involves oil and gas companies urging the high court to transfer state-based pollution lawsuits to the federal court system, where they may expect a more business-friendly legal venue. Alito holds stock in one of the fossil fuel companies that could benefit from the transfer, but he has so far ignored calls for his recusal from the case.

The Supreme Court case, named Chevron USA Inc. v. Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, was originally brought to the high court in January by Chevron, the Texas Company, ExxonMobil, and Burlington Resources Oil & Gas Company, a subsidiary of ConocoPhillips. According to financial disclosures, Alito owns up to $15,000 of ConocoPhillips stock and has other fossil fuel holdings.