The Long Twilight of Central Bankism

Historically low levels of inflation and a defeated labor movement made the era of central bank independence possible. But the 2008 crash repoliticized the institution. Donald Trump’s attack on Lisa Cook is a backlash that has been brewing ever since.

Federal Reserve Board Open Meeting

Donald Trump’s hostilities toward the Fed reached their height when he demanded the firing of Fed governor Lisa Cook. (Al Drago / Bloomberg via Getty Images)


The job of a central banker between 1990 and 2008, when globalization was at its peak, was generally an easy one. Mervyn King, former head of the Bank of England, came up with a fitting acronym for it — NICE: Non-Inflationary Consistent Expansion. During this period, central banks were rarely dragged into the political spotlight, and governments knew better than to infringe upon the bankers’ sacrosanct independence. Unions had been defeated and globalization ensured that prices were relatively stable or falling across the board. This meant that combating inflation, the main aim of central banks, required little effort.

Today the political climate is very different from what it was in the immediate aftermath of the financial crisis. Immediately after taking office, Donald Trump launched a series of attacks on the Federal Reserve, repeatedly calling for its chair, Jerome Powell, to be fired. These hostilities reached their height last week, when he demanded the firing of Lisa Cook, one of the Fed’s governors.

The response to this news has been predictable. The Financial Times and Bloomberg are holding candlelight vigils for the bond market; the New York Times worries that this is the latest of Trump’s attacks on the pillars of American democracy.

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